Dimensions of interprofessional practice Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Dimensions of interprofessional practice - Essay Example Interprofessional work in this instance refers to people with distinct disciplinary training within the health service working together for a common purpose, as they make different, complementary contributions to patient-focused care (Farrell, 1992). Modernising Social Services detailed service failings in social care and set out an agenda that was intended to bring services up to the standards required. The paper emphasised the need to improve protection and services for children alongside improvement of workforce standards, partnership working and improvement of delivery and efficiency of service (Slack, 1999). The NHS Plan detailed the government’s plan for investment and reform that was intended to lead to staff working differently with more decision-making located in local health and care communities (Wistow, 2001). Professions in the health and care environment have different approaches to provision of care. There are often differences in cultures, values or in focus of service provision that make it difficult to make progress in partnership until enough common understanding and agreement has been established. Social workers expect to engage in interagency working as a normal activity when they collaborate with othe rs to achieve objectives for service users. Furthermore, authors in this area also note that team-working in some areas of care, may it be in palliative, intensive, or critical care (Youngblut, 1994), as it provides mutual support in what can be emotionally draining work as well as promoting enhanced clinical standards by facilitating exchange of knowledge, ideas and experience. At the point of delivery, services have to be combined and individualised; and if needs are to be met adequately, it is crucial that people working together at this level relate well with each other. A structural approach to collaborative problems must therefore be paralleled by a relational approach - that is,

Mobile Application on Mindanao State University Essay Example for Free

Mobile Application on Mindanao State University Essay The proposed system entitled MSU Grade Module on Mobile using Android OS is a mobile version of the current Grade Module of Mindanao State University. This system enables the instructor to input grades and update INC grades at any location and at any time. Obtaining the Grade Module password is also done using mobile connection. Reasons: * With the convenience of an Android-powered mobile phone, the instructor does not need to physically go to the clerk to request for Grade Module password. * The Grade Module password is sent through email which is more secure than printed Grade Module stub. * The instructor does not need to be in their respective department or in the university to input and/or update grades. * The scarcity of available computers in the university is no longer a concern. * If the instructor is away for seminars, vacations, and other reasons, the instructor no longer needs to request favour from other instructors to input and/or update grades for them, thus the accountability of the grade resides only to the instructor in-charge and lessen bothering other instructors. * With this kind of application, an instructor can become invisible from students who keep following him/her because of various reasons. Possible Problem: * Not all instructors have an Android-powered mobile phone. * Not all instructors maintain an email address, especially those who are not technology-savvy. * Internet connection is not stable for instructors who want to input and/or update grades within the university. * The availability of online modules of the university is not stable.

The Truth Exposed in A Clockwork Orange Essay -- Clockwork Orange Essa

The Truth Exposed in A Clockwork Orange      Ã‚   Alex, the fifteen-year-old narrator of Anthony Burgess's novel, A Clockwork Orange, lives in a society where violence reigns. This novel has a very direct nature, and is often blunt to the point of offense, but this makes it more powerful and helps to further its point.   This point is that everyone is out for themselves, whether they be the police, government or citizens of this society.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this book, the police can be just as violent as Alex and his droogs, or gang.   In fact, by the end of the novel, his droogs have themselves become the police.   The police have no qualms about beating people almost to the point of death as they do with Alex both at the beginning,   "...they all had a turn, bouncing me from one to the other like some very weak bloody ball...and fisting me in the yarbles and the [mouth] and the belly and dealing out kicks...I [was] sick...on the floor..." (70) and at the end of the book for no other reason than they feel like it. "...It was all panting and thudding against this like background of whirring farm engines..."  Ã‚   (150) There seems to be no difference between the people being beaten by streets punks such as Alex and the police, who are supposed to protect them. The novel begins with the police doing little to protect the citizens, for how else could a fifteen year old kid and three of his friends rule the streets?   They also seem to relish beating Alex for the reason that they don't get to do it often.   However, by the third part of this book, crime is almost non-existent, but   the police are far more brutal. Neither of these scenarios is the bet... ...of the violence and decide to settle down and start families.   This is something the citizens, police and government never learn.   A young woman defends herself by beating Alex at the beginning of the novel, and an old man beats him at the end.   The government changes him one way at the beginning, and still not satisfied, change him again at the end.   The police beat him at the beginning and the end.   Even Alex's social worker spits on him.   However, maybe we see hope for the future with the true change in Alex at the end of the novel.    Works Cited and Consulted Aggeler, Geoffrey.   Anthony Burgess:   The Artist as Novelist.   University:   University of   Alabama, 1979. Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. New York, NY: W W Norton & Company. 1986. De Vitis, A. A.   Anthony Burgess.   New York:   Twayne Publishers, 1972. The Truth Exposed in A Clockwork Orange Essay -- Clockwork Orange Essa The Truth Exposed in A Clockwork Orange      Ã‚   Alex, the fifteen-year-old narrator of Anthony Burgess's novel, A Clockwork Orange, lives in a society where violence reigns. This novel has a very direct nature, and is often blunt to the point of offense, but this makes it more powerful and helps to further its point.   This point is that everyone is out for themselves, whether they be the police, government or citizens of this society.      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In this book, the police can be just as violent as Alex and his droogs, or gang.   In fact, by the end of the novel, his droogs have themselves become the police.   The police have no qualms about beating people almost to the point of death as they do with Alex both at the beginning,   "...they all had a turn, bouncing me from one to the other like some very weak bloody ball...and fisting me in the yarbles and the [mouth] and the belly and dealing out kicks...I [was] sick...on the floor..." (70) and at the end of the book for no other reason than they feel like it. "...It was all panting and thudding against this like background of whirring farm engines..."  Ã‚   (150) There seems to be no difference between the people being beaten by streets punks such as Alex and the police, who are supposed to protect them. The novel begins with the police doing little to protect the citizens, for how else could a fifteen year old kid and three of his friends rule the streets?   They also seem to relish beating Alex for the reason that they don't get to do it often.   However, by the third part of this book, crime is almost non-existent, but   the police are far more brutal. Neither of these scenarios is the bet... ...of the violence and decide to settle down and start families.   This is something the citizens, police and government never learn.   A young woman defends herself by beating Alex at the beginning of the novel, and an old man beats him at the end.   The government changes him one way at the beginning, and still not satisfied, change him again at the end.   The police beat him at the beginning and the end.   Even Alex's social worker spits on him.   However, maybe we see hope for the future with the true change in Alex at the end of the novel.    Works Cited and Consulted Aggeler, Geoffrey.   Anthony Burgess:   The Artist as Novelist.   University:   University of   Alabama, 1979. Burgess, Anthony. A Clockwork Orange. New York, NY: W W Norton & Company. 1986. De Vitis, A. A.   Anthony Burgess.   New York:   Twayne Publishers, 1972.

Speech–> Sensation and Judgement

Sensation is the conversion of energy from the environment into a pattern of response by the nervous system. It is the registration of information. Judgment is the evaluation of evidence in the making of a decision and it is the interpretation of information. When we talk about physical cleanliness, what will be come up is the medical benefits which we may be get rid of sick when we have a good physical cleanliness. Actually, cleanliness is shared by all people in the society.While physical cleanliness and moral purity are highly encouraged by religions which they feel that they are purified from their wrongdoing with physical cleansing. Elder Vandenberg: There is an alliance between physical cleanliness and spiritual cleanliness. It is suggested that one’s moral standing will be changed when there is confusion between moral and physical purity. Here comes to the comparison between our results and the original results took in the University of Toronto.We find out that the scor es in the original results all negative while we have some positive scores for instance the issue of homosexuality and obesity. In addition, we have calculated the average score and we find out that the average score of the original results is -1. 56 while ours is -0. 7. Our average score is a bit higher which suggest that the students in hku that we have conducted license a comparatively not harsh judgment to those immoral issues. Conclusion Different condition of both physical and mental cleanliness can shift our moral from pendulum to moral virtuous which affect moral judgment * Physical cleansing was found to alleviate and restore moral self-condemnation and moral self image as they felt they are purified * Moral self-perception can license a harsher moral judgment * Clean self links to a virtuous self clean person feels dirt-free who is morally untainted * Unclean self links to wicked self Unclean person feels dirty who is morally tolerant

Examination on the Strategic Use of Information Technology in Tanzania Service Industries Essay

Businesses can attain sustainable competitive advantage by utilizing Information Technology (IT) in responding to the changing customers’ needs and changing business environment. (Talebnejad, 2008). This demands the organization to know how to apply this technology, and also devise appropriate and cost effective method for successful implementation. For example in 2004, the study of the relation between investment in IT and sales performance found out that they are positively related. Moreover in the same study, more than 79% of managers believed that IT has a vital role in business success (Talebnejad, 2008). On the same perspective, Tanzania service industry is on the road to great success if the companies and organizations adopt and use IT effectively in transforming their organizations. Service Industry defined Services industry is characterized by the intangible nature of their products. It covers a very wide spectrum of intangible tradable products such as banking, money transfers, insurance, telecommunications, business consultancy, health care, transportation, air travel, distribution services, hotels accommodation, recreational, tour operations, and many others. Tanzania Service Industry Since 1990s, Tanzania government embarked on major economic reforms that aimed at creating competitive financial and market system that that operate on market-oriented economic principles (Mtatifikilo, 1995). Since then, there has been a significant increase in the SMEs operating in different areas of the economy namely services, industry and agriculture. In the 2011 estimates, Tanzania economic growth is services dominated. Growth across Tanzania’s service sector has increased in the last few years relative to agriculture and industry. Agriculture, industry, and service s sectors contribute 27.8, 24.2, and 48 percent of GDP respectively1. Tourism, real estate and business services2 helped the broader service sector growth to an estimated 48 percent of Tanzania’s GDP in 2011. Information Technology (IT) â€Å"Information and Communications Technology (IT) is one of the most potent forces in shaping the twenty-first century. Its revolutionary impact affects the way people live, learn and work and the way government interacts with civil society †¦ The essence of the IT driven economic and social transformation is its power to help individuals and societies to use knowledge and ideas. Our vision of an information society is one that better enables people to fulfill their potential and realize their aspirations. To this end we must ensure that IT serves the mutually supportive goals of creating sustainable economic growth, enhancing the public welfare, and fostering social cohesion, and work to fully realize its potential to strengthen democracy, increase transparency and accountability in governance, promote human rights, enhance cultural diversity, and to foster international peace and stability. Meeting these goals and addressing emerging challenges will require effective national and international strategies† (G8 Okinawa Charter on Global Information Society, 2000) Information Technology (IT) refers to various hardware, software, networking, and data management components necessary for a system to operate. Communication needs are growing at a faster rate than any previous times. Functions such as e-mail, instant messaging, weblogs, video steaming and mobile data communications are some areas which have witnessed dramatic changes. The demand has been the key for rapid growth of big global IT companies such as Google, Apple, Samsung and Microsoft among many others. Tanzania has also witnessed significant growth if the communication sector. One area of interest is mobile communication, with number of subscribers approaching 15 million in 2010 (Behitsa & Diyamett, 2010). Consumer IT Penetration and Proficiency The growth of IT proficiency in Tanzania is encouraging. IT use among young generation is rapidly growing, thanks to many training institutes on ICT skills. The computer market has also grown rapidly. Many consumers have computers or mobile devices with internet access capability. The Tanzania Communications Regulatory Authority (TCRA) estimates 11% of internet penetration countrywide in 2010 consumer survey3. The Tanzania government in collaboration with development partners has also taken some initiatives to improve ICT usage level (Behitsa & Diyamett, 2010). These initiatives include eschools and ICT policy for basic education. The policy is aimed at expanding the reach of ICT skills down to primary schools4. Enterprise IT Adoption To measure IT adoption, we first have to understand why companies decide to adopt IT. The model below gives the factors that influence the adoption of IT in the company. There are factors which are internally driven while others are externally driven (Nguyen, 2009).Studies on IT adoption show that firms adopt IT as a means of survival and/or growth, ability to stay competitive in the market, and/or as innovation ability of the firm. The adoption process may be considered as customer driven (Winter, 2003), a reaction to an outside event, or as business selfinitiative as it focuses on improving efficiency (Corso, Martini, Pellegrini, & Paolucc, 2003). (Siggelkow & Levinthal, 2005) found out that firms go through changes within certain stages of their life cycle or in response to changes of their external environment. (Andries & Debackere, 2006) confirmed this view by pointing out that firms seek IT adoption in response to changes, both internal and external. Inte rnal changes include the life cycle or maturity of the firm and external changes are survival or stability in the market.

Environmental Science Chapter 1 Notes Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Essays

Environmental Science Chapter 1 Notes Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Essays Environmental Science Chapter 1 Notes Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Paper Environmental Science Chapter 1 Notes Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Paper Essay Topic: Notes From Underground Environmental Problems, Their Causes, and Sustainability Chapter 1 Case Study Living in an Exponential Age Exponential growth – concept in which a quantity increases at a constant rate per unit of time Global economic output is a rough measure of the human use of the earth’s resources Poverty affects environmental quality, from the poor depleting and degrading forests, grasslands, and wildlife Exponential growth plays a key role in five important and interconnected environmental issues: population growth, resource use and waste, poverty, loss of biological diversity, and global climate change Questions What keeps us alive? What is an environmentally sustainable society? How fast is the human population increasing? What are economic growth, economic development, and globalization? What are the earth’s main types of resources? How can they be depleted or degraded? What are the principal types of pollution? What can we do about pollution? Wha t are the basic causes of today’s environmental problems? How are these causes connected? Is our current course sustainable? What is environmentally sustainable development? Living More Sustainably 1-1 What Is the Difference between Environment, Ecology, and Environmental Science? Defining Some Basic Terms Environmental science is a study of how the earth works, how we interact with the earth, and how to deal with environmental problems. Environment – everything that affects a living organism (any unique form of life) Ecology – a biological science that studies the relationships between living organisms and their environment Environmental science – study that uses information from the physical sciences and social sciences to learn how the earth works, how we interact with the earth, and how to deal with environmental problems; it involves integrating ideas from the natural world and our cultural world Environmentalism – social movement dedicated to protecting the earth’s life support systems for us and oth er species What Keeps Us Alive? The Sun and the Earth’s Natural Capital All life and economies depend on energy from the sun (solar capital) and the earth’s resources and ecological services (natural capital) Solar capital – energy from the sun Solar energy – direct sunlight and indirect forms of renewable solar energy such as wind power, hydropower (energy from flowing water), and biomass (direct solar energy converted to chemical energy and stored in biological sources of energy such as wood) Natural resources / natural capital – resources and ecological services from the planet itself such as air, water, fishery, mineral, processes of natural purification, and recycling Biological income examples are renewable supplies of wood, wish, grassland, and underground water for drinking and irrigation What is an Environmentally Sustainable Society? One that Preserves Natural Capital and Lives Off Its Income An environmentally sustainable society meets all the basic resource needs of is people indefinitely without degrading or depleting the natural capital that supplies these resources Environmentally sustainable society – society that meets current needs of its people for food, clean water, clean air, shelter, and other basic resources without compromising the ability of future generations to meet their needs Living sustainably means living off natural income replenished by soils, plants, air, and water and not depleting or degrading the earth’s natural capital that supplies this biological income Protect your capital and live off the income it provides Population growth, economic growth, economic development, and globalization 1-2 How Rapidly Is the Human Population Growing? Pretty Fast The rate at which the world’s population is growing has slowed but is still growing pretty rapidly Currently the populati on is growing exponentially at a rate of ~1. 25% a year It is actually a lot (average increase of 219,000 people a day) What Is the Difference between Economic Growth and Economic Development? More Stuff and Better Living Standards Economic growth provides people with more goods and services and economic development uses economic growth to improve living standards Economic growth – an increase in the capacity of a country to provide people with goods and services, often requiring population growth, more production and consumption er person, or both Gross domestic product (GDP) – the annual market value of all goods and services produced by all firms and organizations, foreign and domestic, operating within a country; usually measures the economic growth Per capita GDP – the GDP divided by the total population at midyear; indicator of standard of living Economic development – the improvement of living standards by economic growth What Is the Difference bet ween Economic Growth and Economic Development? More Stuff and Better Living Standards (cont. ) Developed countries – highly industrialized countries with high average per capita GDP –E. g. US, Canada, Japan, Australia, New Zealand, and countries of Europe Developing countries – low to moderately industrialized countries with low to moderate per capita GNP –E. g. China, India, Iran, Iraq, Laos, Peru, Afghanistan ~97% of projected increase in population is expected to take place in developing countries Trade-offs of Economic Development What Is Globalization? Being Connected We live in a world that is increasingly interconnected through economic, cultural, and environmental interdependence Globalization – the process of social, economic, and environmental global changes that lead to an increasingly interconnected world Involves increasing exchanges of people, products, services, capital, and ideas across international borders Factors accelerating it: technology (e. g. internet), human mobility, and international trade and investment Society has become a democratization of learning and communication that has never been seen before it’s so crazy Resources 1-3 What Is a Resource? Things We Need or Want We obtain resources from the environment to meet our needs and wants Resource – anything obtained from the environment to meet our needs and wants (e. g. ood, water, shelter, transportation, recreation) Material resources gotten from the environment is classified as perpetual, renewable, or nonrenewable What Are Perpetual and Renewable Resources? Resources That Can Last Resources renewed by natural processes are sustainable if we do not use them faster than they are replenished Perpetual resource – resource that is renewed continuously (e. g. solar energy) Renewable resource – resource that can be replenished fairly rapidly (e. g. forests) Sustainable yield – the highest rate at which a renewable r esource can be used indefinitely without reducing its available supply Environmental degradation – when a renewable resource’s natural replacement rate is exceeded, shrinking the available supply (e. g. eforestation) Case Study: The Tragedy of the Commons- Degrading Free Renewable Resources Renewable resources that are freely available to everyone can be degraded Common-property / free-access resources – overused and causes environmental degradation (e. g. clean air, public land) Tragedy of the commons – degradation of renewable free-access resources, coined by Garrett Hardin in 1968 –â€Å"If I do not use this resource, someone else will. The little bit I use or pollute is not enough to matter, and such resources are renewable†¦Ã¢â‚¬  Solution: use free-access resources at rates well below their sustainable yields, by regulating them or reducing population Not as good solution: convert free-access resources to private ownership. However, they may not always protect their resources and is not practical for global common resources What Is Our Ecological Footprint? Our Growing Environmental Impact Supplying each person with renewable resources and absorbing the wastes from such resource use creates a large ecological footprint or environmental impact Per capita ecological footprint – amount of biologically productive land and water needed to supply each person or population with the renewable resources they use and to absorb or dispose of the wastes from such resource use Currently, humanity’s footprint exceeds the earth’s biological capacity to renew resources by 15% What Are Nonrenewable Resources? Resources We Can Deplete Nonrenewable resources can be economically depleted to the point where it costs too much to obtain what is left Nonrenewable resources – resources that exist in a fixed quantity or stock, can be renewed in maybe a few hundreds or thousands of years –Energy resources (coal, oil, and natural gas that cannot be recycled) –Metallic mineral resources (iron, copper, aluminum that can be recycled) –Nonmetallic mineral resources (salt, clay, sand, and phosphates which are difficult to recycle) We never complete exhaust a resource, it becomes economically depleted when it costs more to extract it than it’s economical value We can either try to find more, recycle or reuse existing supplies (not nonrenewable energy resources), waste less, use less, develop substitute, or wait millions of years (GOOD IDEA. ) What Are Nonrenewable Resources? Resources We Can Deplete (cont. ) Recycling – collecting waste materials, processing them into new materials, and selling the new products Reuse – using a resource again in the same form Recycling nonrenewable metallic resources takes much less energy and resources than using virgin metallic resources pollution 1-4 Where Do Pollutants Come From, and What Are Their Harmful Ef fects? Threats to Health and Survival Pollutants are chemicals found at high enough levels in the environment to cause harm to people or other organisms Pollution – presence of substances at high enough levels in air, water, soil, or food to threaten the health, survival, or activities of humans or other organisms Most pollution is anthropogenic, near urban and industrial areas Industrialized agriculture is also a major source of pollution Point sources – single, identifiable sources of pollution Nonpoint sources – dispersed and often difficult to identify Three types of unwanted effects –Disrupt or degrade life-support systems for humans and other species –Damage wildlife, human health, and property –Can be nuisances such as noise and unpleasant smells, tastes, and sights Solutions: What Can We Do about Pollution? Prevention Pays We can try to clean up pollutants in the environment or prevent them from entering the environment Pollution prevention / input pollution control – reduces or eliminates the production of pollutants, more effective Pollution cleanup / output pollution control – cleaning up or diluting pollutants after they were processed Problems with pollution cleanup –Only temporary –Remove one pollutant? You get another pollutant –Too expensive to reduce to acceptable levels Environmental and resource problems: causes and connections 1-5 What Are Key Environmental Problems and Their Basic Causes? The Big Five The big five: –Rapid population growth –Unsustainable resource use –Poverty Not including the environmental costs of economic goods and services in their market prices (poor environmental accounting) –Trying to manage and simplify nature with too little knowledge about how it works (ecological ignorance) What Is the Relationship between Poverty and Environmental Problems? Being Poor Is Bad for People and the Earth Poverty is a major threat to huma n health and the environment They deplete and degrade land for survival They live in places with high levels of air and water pollution and with a great risk of natural disasters More poverty also means more population growth (more children = more economic security) Premature deaths –Malnutrition –Increased susceptibility to normally nonfatal infectious diseases –Lack of access to clean drinking water –Severe respiratory disease and inhaling indoor air pollutants What Is the Relationship between Resource Consumption and Environmental Problems? Affluenza Many consumers in developed countries have become addicted to buying more and more stuff in their search for fulfillment and happiness Affluenza – term used to describe the unsustainable addiction to overconsumption and materialism exhibited in the lifestyles of affluent consumers in the US and other developed countries Admit your problem, go on a stuff diet –Law of progressive simplification: â€Å"True growth occurs as civilizations transfer an increasing proportion of energy and attention from the material side of life to the nonmaterial side and thereby develop their culture, capacity for compassion, sense of community, and strength of democracy† How Can Affluence Help Increase Environmental Quality? Another Side of the Story Affluent countries have more money for improving environmental quality yup How Are Environmental Problems and Their Causes Connected? Exploring Connections Environmental quality is affected by interactions between population size, resource consumption, and technology In developing countries, population size and degradation of resources are key factors to the environmental impact, low per capita resource use In developed countries, high per capita resource use and high levels of pollution and environmental degradation per person usually are the key factors determining overall environmental impact and a country’s ecological footprint per person Is our present course sustainable? 1-6 Are Things Getting Better or Worse? The Answer is Both There is good and bad environmental news Technological optimists overstate the situation because technological innovations and conventional economic growth and development will lead to a wonderful world Environmental pessimists overstate the problems to the point where our environmental situation seems hopeless How Should We Live? A Clash of Environmental Worldviews The way we view the seriousness of environmental problems and how to solve them depends on our environmental worldview Environmental worldview – how you think the world works, what you think your role in the world should be, and what you believe is right and wrong environmental behavior (environmental ethics) Planetary Management Worldview As the planet’s most important species, we are in charge of nature We will not run out of resources because of our ability to develop and find new ones The potential for global economic growth is essentially unlimited Our success depends on how well we manage the earth’s life-support systems, mostly for our own benefit Stewardship Worldview We are the planet’s most important species but we have an ethical responsibility to care for the rest of nature We will probably not run out of resources but they should not be wasted We should encourage environmentally beneficial forms of economic growth and discourage environmentally harmful forms of economic growth Our success depends on how well we can manage the earth’s life-support systems for our benefit and for the rest of nature Environmental Wisdom Worldview Nature exists for all species, not just for us and we are not in charge of the earth The earth’s resources are limited, should not be wasted, and are not all for us We should encourage earth-sustaining forms of economic growth and discourage earth-degrading forms Our success depends on learning how the earth sustains itself and integrating such lessons from nature (environmental wisdom) into the ways we think and act What Are the Greatest Environmental Problems We Face Now and in the Future? The Big Picture Poverty and malnutrition, smoking, infectious diseases, water shortages, biodiversity loss, and climate changes are the most serious environmental problems we face What Is Environmentally Sustainable Economic Development? Rewarding Environmentally Beneficial Activities Environmentally sustainable economic development rewards environmentally beneficial and sustainable activities and discourages environmentally harmful and unsustainable activities Environmentally sustainable economic development – uses economic rewards to encourage environmentally beneficial and more sustainable forms of economic growth and economic penalties to discourage environmentally harmful and unsustainable forms of economic growth

Free Essays on Floppy Drive Memory

, they are low costing and are able to work on all computers. In its design, the floppy disk is similar to the hard drive; it operates on the principles of magnetic recording. It uses magnetic heads for data storage and retrieval from the rotating magnetic media. The main differences are in the quality of the media, with much lower magnetic performance for the floppy; and the low rotational speed of the disk, which is about 300 rotations per minute. Another difference is continuous contact between two spring-loaded sliders. Eventually the contact between the two will wear out and the media will get damaged or destroyed. Today’s hard drives already show some level of slider-disk interference at much higher velocities that are beyond 7500 rpm. The history of floppy drives started when the first 8-inch floppy drive was introduced in 1970. It was then replaced by the 5.25-inch drive in 1976. In 1980, the 5.25-inch drive was also replaced by the 3.5-inch â€Å"micro-floppy† (Geek.com). As time went by, the floppy drive got smaller while the memory of it grew larger. The 3.5-inch floppy drive was single-headed and had a storage capacity of 322 KB (Geek.com). The disk was protected by a hard plasti... Free Essays on Floppy Drive Memory Free Essays on Floppy Drive Memory Floppy drives have been around for a long time; in the past they were used for playing elementary, computer games, storaging important information, and were used as a PC’s main memory. The capacity and data transfer rates of floppy drives have extremely low levels, which are 1.44 MB and about 0.06 MB/sec (PC Mechanic). These parameters could be improved considerably with floppy drives out there, however it is too late to change standards now since the technology is worldwide. Today the only two functions left for the floppy disks are serving as boot disks in the case of system problems on your computer, and serving as movable storage. The main advantage of floppy disks is still low cost and universal compatibility. In other words, they are low costing and are able to work on all computers. In its design, the floppy disk is similar to the hard drive; it operates on the principles of magnetic recording. It uses magnetic heads for data storage and retrieval from the rotating magnetic media. The main differences are in the quality of the media, with much lower magnetic performance for the floppy; and the low rotational speed of the disk, which is about 300 rotations per minute. Another difference is continuous contact between two spring-loaded sliders. Eventually the contact between the two will wear out and the media will get damaged or destroyed. Today’s hard drives already show some level of slider-disk interference at much higher velocities that are beyond 7500 rpm. The history of floppy drives started when the first 8-inch floppy drive was introduced in 1970. It was then replaced by the 5.25-inch drive in 1976. In 1980, the 5.25-inch drive was also replaced by the 3.5-inch â€Å"micro-floppy† (Geek.com). As time went by, the floppy drive got smaller while the memory of it grew larger. The 3.5-inch floppy drive was single-headed and had a storage capacity of 322 KB (Geek.com). The disk was protected by a hard plasti...

How to Discipline Without Stress, Punishment, or Rewards

How to Discipline Without Stress, Punishment, or Rewards Young people today come to school with a different orientation than past generations. Traditional student disciplining approaches are no longer successful for far too many young people. For example, a parent related the following to us after a discussion of how society and youth have changed in recent generations: The other day, my teenage daughter was eating in a rather slovenly manner, and I lightly tapped her on the wrist saying, Dont eat that way.My daughter replied, Dont abuse me.The mother had grown up in the 1960s and volunteered the point that her generation tested authority but most were really afraid to step out of bounds. She related that her daughter was a good child and added, But the kids today not only disrespect authority, they have no fear of it. And, because of rights for young children- which we should have- its hard to instill that fear without others claiming abuse. So, how can we discipline students, so we as teachers can do our jobs and teach these young children who refuse to learn? In many cases, we resort to punishment as a strategy for motivation. For example, students who are assigned detention and who fail to show are punished with more detention. But in my questioning about the use of detention in hundreds of workshops around the country, teachers rarely suggest detention is actually effective in changing behavior. Why Detention is an Ineffective Form of Punishment When students are not afraid, punishment loses its effectiveness. Go ahead and give the student more detention that he simply wont show up to. This negative, coercive discipline and punishment approach is based on the belief that it is necessary to cause suffering to teach. Its like you need to hurt in order to instruct. The fact of the matter, however, is that people learn better when they feel better, not when they feel worse. Remember, if punishment were effective in reducing inappropriate behavior, then there would be NO discipline problems in schools. The irony of punishment is that the more you use it to control your students behaviors, the less real influence you have over them. This is because coercion breeds resentment. In addition, if students behave because they are forced to behave, the teacher has not really succeeded. Students should behave because they want to- not because they have to in order to avoid punishment. People are not changed by other people. People can be coerced into temporary compliance. But internal motivation- where people want to change- is more lasting and effective. Coercion, as in punishment, is not a lasting change agent. Once the punishment is over, the student feels free and clear. The way to influence people toward internal rather than external motivation is through positive, non-coercive interaction. Heres how... How to Motivate Students to Learn Without Using Punishments or Rewards Great teachers understand that they are in the relationship business. Many students- especially those in low socio-economic areas- put forth little effort if they have negative feelings about their teachers. Superior teachers establish good relationships AND have high expectations. Great teachers communicate and discipline in positive ways. They let their students know what they want them to do, rather than by telling students what NOT to do. Great teachers inspire rather than coerce. They aim at promoting responsibility rather than obedience. They know that OBEDIENCE DOES NOT CREATE DESIRE. Great teachers identify the reason that a lesson is being taught and then share it with their students. These teachers inspire their students through curiosity, challenge, and relevancy. Great teachers improve skills that prompt students to WANT to behave responsibly and WANT to put effort into their learning. Great teachers have an open mindset. They REFLECT so that if a lesson needs improvement they look to themselves to change BEFORE they expect their students to change. Great teachers know education is about motivation. Unfortunately, todays educational establishment still has a 20th-century mindset that focuses on EXTERNAL APPROACHES to increase motivation. An example of the fallacy of this approach is the defunct self-esteem movement that used external approaches such as stickers and praise in attempts to make people happy and feel good. What was overlooked was the simple universal truth that people develop positive self-talk and self-esteem through the successes of THEIR OWN EFFORTS.

Ethics and Politics of Asylum and Migration Dissertation

Ethics and Politics of Asylum and Migration - Dissertation Example In this regard migration is aligned with abuses of the internal market by criminals and terrorists. Essentially asylum-seekers and immigrants are characterized as presenting a threat to domestic economics and security. 4 On the other side of the argument, it is suggested that many of the asylum seekers and illegal immigrants are from third world countries and are therefore immediately subject to cultural and quite often racial occlusion.5 There is also the concern that stronger border controls merely result in immigrants and asylum-seekers using other more dangerous methods for escaping poverty, exploitation and human rights abuses.6 These opposing views relative to the strengthening of border control raise some important issues. First and foremost, in light of the increase in the threat of international terrorism and international criminal organisations, is cultural occlusion justified? More particularly, is cultural occlusion a deliberate outcome or is it merely a coincidence? This paper provides a critical analysis of these issues and in doing so identifies whether or not there is a resolution to the realistic concerns about international terrorism and international criminal activities particularly human and drug trafficking. The question is therefore, whether or not a resolution could viably filter out would-be terrorists and criminals and at the same time permit legitimate asylum-seekers and immigrants’ entry across borders in such a way that it does not raise suspicions of cultural occlusion and racism. I. Border Control: Definition Globalization has two sides. It not only facilitates the mobility of goods and people, it also facilitates the movement of terrorists, weapons, illegal drugs, illegal aliens and illnesses. It therefore appears that the most viable solution to this dilemma is the strengthening of border controls.7 However, any discussion of strengthening border control is easier said than done since border control involves a number of co mplex issues, particularly conflicting interests of the various stakeholders. In order to understand these complex issues it is necessary to first evaluate what border control is and what it means to the various stakeholders in the wider context of customary international law. In most countries, such as the US, Canada, Mexico and countries within Africa, Asia and the European Union, border control involves four significant points of entry. These points of entry are airports, sea ports, land points of entry and unofficial land and sea ports of entry. The unofficial points of entry, are the points used for the most part by traffickers, smugglers, migrants and quite possibly terrorists.8 The main question is therefore, the feasibility of balancing the interests of the stakeholders in any plan to strengthen border control. Although strengthening border control could conceivably increase the incentive for smugglers, terrorists, and traffickers to use unofficial points of entry it would a lso increase incentives for legitimate asylum-seekers and other migrants to use unofficial points of entry. This is particularly troublesome for asylum-seekers and

Conceptual Framework of Super Dry Company Essay

Conceptual Framework of Super Dry Company - Essay Example This understanding can be done through carrying out interviews, use of questionnaires, reading different journals on the development of these stores. Interviews are carried out in understanding on the views of different individuals on the development of the store. Questionnaires help in understanding the opinions of individuals on the quality of products that this company produces. These questionnaires can be necessary to the researcher and the company at large; this is because the company will learn about different tastes and preferences of the consumers. The management of the company is a crucial factor to consider in this study. The management is to be transparent if at all an organization is to succeed in realizing its set goals. The social structure of the organization is to well defined where there is a free and healthy environment conducive to the workers (Hasegawaoru, 2002, p. 63). Hypothesis and variables Hypothesis is necessary the testing of different variables to ensure a ccurate data from a research. If super dry stores come up with the appropriate strategy of carrying out its operations then it will maintain its success in attracting more customers worldwide. (Hoover, 2000, p. 47) In addition to that if it is able to deal with its challenges effectively then it will be able to maintain a healthy competitive environment. Dependable variable- success. Independent variable- challenges. Literature review This store has been able to formulate different strategies. Among these strategies has to reach wide range customers all over the world and this has been done through the expansion of its company. Creating more stores that can allow easy access to products by customers in Europe. Another strategy is producing goods according to the customers’ preference and tastes. Checking on the prices of goods is another strategy that has been applied by this store this is done by observing the economic background of the target customers, the affordability of the products (Kare-Silver, 2011, p. II2). The super dry store has been popular through the nature of their products, they produce extraordinary products that are unique than their competitors in the business of fashion. This, therefore, attracts more customers to the products produced. It was noted that communication is an important factor to consider for a company’s success. Good communication should be encouraged between buyers and sellers, management and the workers and finally, there should be good communication between the workers as a whole. Information should be clearly communicated to different specifics. For instance rules, and regulations of an organization should be clearly communicated to the staff members.

UNIT 6 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY AND CHILD WELFARE Research Paper

UNIT 6 ASSIGNMENT FAMILY AND CHILD WELFARE - Research Paper Example Obstacles faced by clients in their bid to access services include poor transport network which hinders movement, lack of necessary facilities such as hospitals, schools and recreational services. Information barrier may hinder the clients from obtaining relevant information from the agencies. Some agencies do not conduct adequate follow-up with the clients thus hindering the effectiveness of the services being offered. There are a number of ways through which client care between different types of agencies can be improved so as to ensure proper delivery of services. One of the ways of improving service delivery is through case coordination which is composed of sharing of information, collaboration as well as communication among the management team, staffs and the clients between agencies involved in service delivery. The approach is composed of initiatives that are geared towards reduction of barriers towards service delivery, direct accessibility and increased linkages between agencies and the clients. Case coordination is makes service delivery to the clients more centered on them as it increases their ability to access service owing to the fact that their points of contact have been greatly improves. The process ensures increased accessibility of the case workers to their clients so that they can quickly deliver their services as well as issuing concrete report on areas that require quick inter vention. Case coordination enables the directors to obtain timely financial reports so that they can guarantee the agencies of continuous funding. The case managers who are charged with the responsibility of managing the agencies will be able to greatly increase their productivity since they will not a lot of administrative roles to play. The stakeholders in the agencies such as the policy-makers, service providers and case managers are charged with the responsibility of developing as well as designing od programs that are aimed

Evaluating Fronties North Adventures Corporate Social Responsibility Research Paper

Evaluating Fronties North Adventures Corporate Social Responsibility Strategy - Research Paper Example This research will begin with the statement that Frontiers North Adventures is one of Canada’s most successful tourist's company. The company started in 1986 in northern Canada to provide Authentic Arctic Experiences. The company is a family owned, and it has over 30 years experience in Eco-tourism. The business’s clients have always felt satisfied with the arctic experience after using Frontier’s North Adventures. The company has collaborated with several international and national organizations to ensure that its commitment to sustainability and conservation policies adheres. In addition to this, a company has collaborated with Polar bear international to provide some of the best and breathtaking polar bear sightings while ensuring that the ecosystems in which this polar bear live in are not endangered. Frontiers North Adventures most famous adventurous tourist attractions include Northern Lights Viewing, Beluga Whale Watching, and Polar bear Experiences. The c ompany has successfully managed to operate in this tricky field for more than 30 years. The company has been named as one of the top three sustainable tourist operators in Canada because of its Corporate Social Responsibility. The company has been lauded nationally for its programs involving Sustainability. The company has also been recognized for its work and has won a number of awards including, SKAL International’s 2009 Ecotourism Award, Travel Manitoba’s Sustainable Tourism Award, and several other Ecotourism Awards both Nationally and Internationally. Frontiers North Adventures provides exciting wildlife packages in Northern Canada. The goal of Frontiers North is to deliver to their guests a value worth wildlife familiarity in a responsible and an ecologically friendly manner. The company not only inspires visitors to view and learn about local wildlife but to also learn about the antiquity and culture of the North Canadian society. Frontiers North Adventure is de voted to social, environmental, and ethical accountability in order to uphold the well-being of visitors, the local public, and the ecosystem in which they run.

The Case Of Brian Keith Rose Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Case Of Brian Keith Rose - Term Paper Example Rose was initially charged in State court in Baltimore County though evidence in the form of a partial fingerprint was thrown out by a Baltimore County Judge. The United States Attorney took over the case after Judge Souder’s October 2007 ruling. Souder’s ruling was based on the fact that technique used to analyze the fingerprints was not scientifically reliable. State charges against Rose were then dropped and the case was re-filed in the US District Court (Brendan, 2010).MD Rule 5-702 requires that latent fingerprint identification methods rest on reliable factual foundations and in this case the ACE-V method used was not proved to be reliable and factual in State Court. Initially no latent fingerprints were identified by the crime lab and homicide Detectives suggested several names of suspects to the crime lab. At that time these names, including Brian Rose, were compared to the latent print recovered. Both sides in this case requested that the Court determine the re liability of the ACE-V methodology, hence allowing or disallowing the latent prints as evidence. The defendants contended that the ACE-V is not a method which has been scientifically tested, thus the error rate is unknown. Without an error rate it is impossible to know the reliability of this methodology. A fingerprint is in essence a reproduction of friction ridge formations of the surface of a finger, left by the transfer of oil or other matter between the finger and the object. These ridges form before birth.

Reflective commentary Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Reflective commentary - Assignment Example Defining the substance of the study made it possible to undertake a focused study without going off-topic ‘(Hartley, 2010)’. The definition was followed by a further inquiry into the components of the council, with a focus on the parties that make up the council, how they are selected and the powers they wield. These components were better explained by the book titled The Foundations of EU Law by T. Hartley. This was an important step, since it broadens the study in a systematic manner. This is because, the study advances from the mere definition to understanding the components of the body and the powers held by the parties. Having understood the components of the EU council as a decision making body of the EU, it was relevant to understand how the decision making process is undertaken. This required some inquiry into the procedures of undertaking meetings, their venues and what the meetings entail. At this stage, the broad topic was narrowed down to engage in understand ing the specific details of the EU council meetings, who arranges them and how the agendas are raised ‘(Hartley, 2010)’. This is when the book titled Unlocking EU Law by T. Storey and C. Turner, became relevant, since it explained all the procedures of the meetings and the changes in venues at different times ‘(Storey & Turner, 2011)’. ... In studying the role of the EU council as a decision making body of the EU, I visited the Law Teacher website to obtain credible information. Additionally, reliable and relevant sources, which particularly address the EU council and its roles were consulted. Here, the second edition of the book by A. Kaczorowska, titled European Union Law proved worth, since it comprehensively addressed the EU council and its functions ‘(Kaczorowska, 2011)’. Therefore, the resources used were the ones directly addressing the decision making process of the EU, since they would discuss this topic widely and venture into finer details, compared to other sources which generally address the EU holistically. I used The Foundations of EU Law by T. Hartley, to gain the basis the EU council decision-making mandate ‘(Hartley, 2010)’. The process of selecting the resources for use entailed consulting both the old and the new version of such resources, since a combination of the old and the new resources could be more informing than dwelling on either version. I used the third edition of Unlocking EU Law by T. Storey and C. Turner to gain an insight on how the decision making mandate of the EU council has changed over time ‘(Storey & Turner, 2011)’. Additionally, sources of information that addressed the decision making role of the council both before and after the EU enlargement were consulted, since they could give systematic information regarding the changes in the roles of the council. Here, the book, EU Law by J. Steiner, became relevant for this purpose ‘(Steiner, 2012)’. Therefore, a range of resources were consulted, to compare and contrast the information obtained, and settle on the most promising details. The

The Case Of Brian Keith Rose Term Paper Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1250 words

The Case Of Brian Keith Rose - Term Paper Example Rose was initially charged in State court in Baltimore County though evidence in the form of a partial fingerprint was thrown out by a Baltimore County Judge. The United States Attorney took over the case after Judge Souder’s October 2007 ruling. Souder’s ruling was based on the fact that technique used to analyze the fingerprints was not scientifically reliable. State charges against Rose were then dropped and the case was re-filed in the US District Court (Brendan, 2010).MD Rule 5-702 requires that latent fingerprint identification methods rest on reliable factual foundations and in this case the ACE-V method used was not proved to be reliable and factual in State Court. Initially no latent fingerprints were identified by the crime lab and homicide Detectives suggested several names of suspects to the crime lab. At that time these names, including Brian Rose, were compared to the latent print recovered. Both sides in this case requested that the Court determine the re liability of the ACE-V methodology, hence allowing or disallowing the latent prints as evidence. The defendants contended that the ACE-V is not a method which has been scientifically tested, thus the error rate is unknown. Without an error rate it is impossible to know the reliability of this methodology. A fingerprint is in essence a reproduction of friction ridge formations of the surface of a finger, left by the transfer of oil or other matter between the finger and the object. These ridges form before birth.

The Cuban political system Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words

The Cuban political system - Essay Example Cuba, a Spanish colony holds very interesting political system; a country that got independence in 1898 has suffered in early years after independence a series of dictatorships. One of the notable dictators was Fulgencio Batista, he ruled with an iron fist that saw over whelming human rights abuses and opposition seriously surpressed.The totalitarianism sparked in 1959 revolution that marked the end of the unjust rule. After the impeachment of the imperial system, Cuba has defined their own system of democracy and provided the democratic space in the political arena; Cuba has endeavored to establish an election system in which direct elections is applied in National assembly, Municipal and the National assembly which resent the parliament. Contrary to many people’s beliefs, Cuba has liberalized the democratic nature of the candidate’s nominations; the candidates need not to be a member of the Communist party but can be from any party nominated at the primary level, though no political party is allowed to through its support to any particular candidate communist included. The people’s participation in political matters is strong, adults of 16 years and above with convicted persons excluded are allowed to vote, and those outside the contra are also permitted by law to vote this was viewed to expand the number eligible for voting. Abstaining to vote in Cuba is no offence, and with regard to that, the government appeals to those not wishing to destroy their Ballot papers. The presidential elections in Cuba is done by the National Assembly, the National Assembly elects 41 board members of which the president is amongst them (Erlich). In pluralism no other political parties are allowed in Cuba, all those who want to contest for political posts have only one choice of party, the Communist. This should not be misconstrued for dictatorship but as a strategy to contain the looming American involvement and supporting a party that would defy communism; the American interest is the capitalism. Political and economic development Though Cuba has been under the rule of Fidel Castro for nearly five decades, certain economic and political developments have been realized. For the period of 1900 to 1925 Cuba amalgamated its economy with the capitalist West, particularly the US. This was basically on sugar exportation, the US w as in control of a quarter of the cane plantation and other investment levels, and this cooperation was perceived to weakening the Cuban economy and was rescinded upon. 1934 to 1959 was a period in which America shown interest to control the political developments in Cuba in an indirect way, though highly reprimanded, it created raised the working class level; this was manifested in the 1953 population census that indicated the following; 818,000 people involved in agriculture, 327,000 workers in the manufacturing industries, 232,000 in the field of commerce, 395,000 in the service industry and additional 104,000 in the transport industry (Humbolldt). This statistics were disputed by analysts that the Cuban monoculture practice only spurred growth in the economy and did not realize economic development , its also accused of uneven development, that’s notwithstanding, in the late 1950s Cuba was ranked fourth Latin America countries richest country with indices such as workers percentage, literacy, electric power per capita and food consumption. In relation to the standard of living Cuba had a lead in reading newspapers, Telephones, TVs and cars per head. It also ranked third in doctors per head, food consumption and radio possession per head. The future of Cuba Cuba at the moment is in a precarious state over a leadership vacuum in the offing, the long serving undisputed Cuban president Fidel Castro is in his sunset days, the brother Raul Castro is temporarily in power and the ragging question is who will succeed Fidel?, who would control both the police and the army. The

Hunting and rio hondo Essay Example for Free

Hunting and rio hondo Essay In â€Å"For Environmental Balance, Pick Up a Rifle,† Nicholas D Kristof, a two time wining Pulitzer Prize winner, states in his thesis that there is a rapid overpopulation of deer destroying the ecosystem either by ruining land or spreading harmful disease. Throughout the rest of his essay, Kristof begins to talk about diseases the ticks on the deer may carry, such as Lyme’s disease; the state of New York and New Jersey wanting to provide a contraceptives for the animal, how some states are hiring companies to shoot deer, and how hunting is the greenest and most reliable way to solve this problem (183-85). Due to the rapid overpopulation of the deer, many cities, including my small hometown of Rio Hondo, face property damage as well as health issues, therefore I believe hunting should be encouraged. Growing up on a ranch in Rio Hondo, seeing deer and other wild game were a natural everyday part of life for citizens and I. It was not until I read Kristof’s essay that I began to realize that my family and other citizens living in Rio Hondo faced issues such as these on a daily basis but had just grown accustomed to it, which made it seem far less than it really is. For example, deer in fact do cause some major property damage! When I was about 15 years old, my father decided to redo our complete property line fence. He ordered the company he hired to remove our original ranch post and barb wired fence and install a metal high fence. When completed, the fence stood 6 feet tall. Shortly after installing the fence, we began to notice that there were holes being made along the bottom of the fence line. My father was outraged. He began installing trail cameras, which record when an animal pass by it day and night, to see if he could identify the cause of our problem, after all, our new gate was pretty costly. The trail cameras ran for weeks, recording deer, javalinas, bobcats, wild boars, and occasionally the odd nalgai passing through the holes in the fence. This began to make my father wonder if it were the pigs that were making the holes in the fence, until one day the trail camera at the far end of my parents ranch captured something I found to be hilarious! The camera showed a deer, digging under the fence line, tugging on the wire with its teeth, as well as kicking the fence from time to time. My mother, siblings, and I all started laughing. The deer looked like our dog Aggie when he would try getting under the covers in bed! My father, of course was not too happy seeing the animal destroy his fence. He knew there was nothing he could do, until deer season opened up anyhow. Once deer season rolled along, my father put my various tripods around the ranch and waited aimlessly to see the deer that was costing him money! This account was neither the first nor the only time that my parents have experienced property damage due to deer or other wild animals but it sure was the most memorable! As for health issues concerning deer, my mother’s fear has always been of ticks. Kristof states that besides killing people directly, these animals also carry ticks which may cause Lyme disease (183). I cannot tell you how many times I have pulled these little pests off of me after helping my father around the ranch! But honestly, I have yet to notice deer infested with ticks. When skinning a kill, I personally have witnessed more wild hogs infested with fleas and ticks rather than deer. To me, deer are much cleaner than any other animal I have skinned but again, that is just my own personal experience. Yes, occasionally after handling a kill I will have a few ticks around my wrist and the pockets of my fingers but it has become sort of a normal thing for me to encounter and I have just become accustomed to removing them and washing my hands with soap and rubbing alcohol. Thankfully I have yet to come across a tick with Lyme disease but if I were to, I highly doubt it would be from a deer but from a filthy javalina. When trying to solve problems such as ones with animals many big businesses want to hire companies to come shoot deer, as stated in Kristof’s essay (184). This is true! I have been a part of several of these events. Some let the hunter keep their kill while others must retrieve the animal where they discard of it â€Å"properly. † I approve of the situation when the companies let the hunter keep the deer because hunters usually skin the deer as well as cook and eat the animal, so nothing is left to waste, while some companies who require the deer be returned just dispose of the corpse. As my dad always told my siblings and I, â€Å"If you are not going to make use of it and skin it yourself, don’t shoot it! † Lastly, I’d really like to say, many people do not approve of young women using contraceptives what makes politicians think citizens are going to agree to giving contraceptives to deer? (184). To me, reading about this made me a bit angry. We call the outdoors mother nature for a reason. We should let nature run its course and find others ways, such as hunting, to solve the problem, not prescribing wild animals contraceptives! I mean, an $8,000 budget for animal contraceptives, really? (184). That is ridiculous. Being all too familiar with hunting wild game, I have come across many who disagree with the sport. Sure, it makes me angry when people say that I am an â€Å"animal killer† or ask me how I can do that to a defenseless animal but growing up my grandfather and father helped me realize that just because there are those who do not want to take part in the sport, does not mean there are not others who feel different about it. Another thing they taught me is being sensitive to those who disagree with the sport. When we leave the ranch after a hunting trip, I was taught to change my bloody clothing and wash up before going anywhere so that we do not offend anyone who disapproves. I believe this is one of the many ways to encourage a positive attitude towards hunters and the sport, to respect others. In conclusion, I know there are many who think hunting may not be the answer, but if you are willing to give it a shot, I encourage you. Hunting is a wonderful and exciting sport that may be one step closer to decreasing the overpopulation of wild animals as well as being memorable and relaxing (184). But always remember, not everything you come face to face with is meant to be shot. Choose your pick and like my father says, â€Å"Let it ride! † Work Cited Kristof, Nicolas D. â€Å"For Environmental balance, Pick Up a Rifle. † Current Issues and Enduring Questions: A Guide to Critical Thinking and Argument, with Readings. 9th ed. Ed. Sylvan Barnet and Hugo Bedau. Boston: Bedford, 2011. 183-85. Print.

Strategies to Develop Patient Centred Care

Strategies to Develop Patient Centred Care Sneha Praveen MIS Practicum Final Report Analysis of online patient reviews and its effect on healthcare providers Introduction With the advent of social media, online forums have become a major platform where users share their views and these platforms affect all the involved stakeholders sometimes positively and sometimes adversely. Word of mouth has become an important tool for publicity and sometimes a bad review posted without ulterior motives can do much damage. Most of such reviews and posts that we read on platforms like twitter, Facebook and online forums affect our decision making as we tend to trust judgment of others. But healthcare as an industry is still not very patient centric and not enough importance is given to patient’s opinion. This case is even more valid in the context of USA as there is no official channel for patients to leave their reviews and experience about a healthcare provider. This is very surprising as all other industries food, retail, and consumer industries revolve around what customers have to say and millions of dollars are spend on â€Å"customer satisfaction†, whereas, healthcare industry still relies on their processes without bothering to collect feedback from patients they serve. The main reason accredited to this could be that as payers, insurance companies and as service providers, physicians play the most important role. Patients in this context are mere subjects of treatment who are assumed to be not very vigilant of their own health condition. But is this situation same all around the world? And if not, then US healthcare needs to adapt and learn from such countries to improve its care and service quality. One such online forum implemented in the United Kingdom is â€Å"Patient Opinion†. This forum acts as a bridge between patients and healthcare providers to help improve the healthcare quality provided by National Health Service (NHS) to its citizens. In this paper, I will analyze data collected from patient opinion forum and present by findings answering how USA can benefit from a review outlet like Patient Opinion and how this forum has helped NHS to improve their quality and service. Why Patient-Centric Care: It is well proven that any industry benefits from customer reviews and helps in reducing cost and improve service. Slowly, healthcare needs to move towards Patient-centered care which supports active involvement of patients and care givers. It means being responsive to patient’s preferences, needs and feedback to ensure that service quality improves and slowly there is more involvement of patient in healthcare delivery and design. [1] A patient centered care has below attributes [2]: Whole-person care. Coordination and communication Patient support and empowerment Ready access Autonomy A patient centered care focus on guiding patients by giving them information about options and risks. It means considering patient’s preferences and background and valuing their feedback. According to 2001 Institute of Medicine a focus on patient centered care is one of the factors constituting high quality health care. Source: http://hcca-act.blogspot.com/2011_11_01_archive.html The current system is physician centered which means that effective care is defined by physician’s standards and skills instead of centering on patient’s satisfaction from the service rendered. For example- orthopedic surgeons use the Harris Hip score to judge the success of a hip replacement. This was designed solely by physicians and does not include any feedback from patients to include their satisfaction from the procedure [3]. Thus, it is impossible to correctly define the output of any model in healthcare until the patient experience has been taken into account for. What Patients Want Most tools that we use to judge patient satisfaction or outcome of a medical service cannot be accurately quantified. Also, the success metric for a medical care varies from physician and patient’s point of view. An example of such tools was administered by Steward.et al in 2000 where many physician-patient interactions were audio taped and patients rated these conversations. After analysis, it was deduced that patients recovered faster, had better emotional health and perceived the care as satisfactory if the care was patient-centered. The faith of patients on their healthcare providers increased when there emotional needs were taken care of by the physicians leading to less number of diagnostic tests and fewer referrals. A similar methodology can also be used to study physician empathy. Researchers at Jefferson University developed the Jefferson scale to test physician’s empathy where physicians rated their own empathy but this scale could not be used to judge patient satisfaction. Thus, a new scale called Jefferson Scale of Patient’s perception of Physician Empathy was used which judges patient’s rating of physician’s empathy which correlated to patient’s satisfaction. Mostly what patients want is a relationship of empathy with physicians, who can help them communicate with the problem and develop a personal relationship with them. The perception of care is different from physicians and patient’s point of view and we need to move our focus from â€Å"what’s the matter† with our patients to â€Å"what matters† to our patients. [1] Hindrance in achieving true patient centric care One of the most crucial factors stopping US in achieving true patient centric care is the current reimbursement system and focus on physician practice model. There is no measure in US to gauge the quality of care, empathy and relationship of a physician with patients. Reimbursement is not correlated to these factors, instead it is based on per patient encounter. Due to this, primary care physicians focus on increasing the volume of patients and reduce the time spent with each patient. Most physicians are in a hurry and under stress which leads to misdiagnosis, useless tests and referrals, decrease in quality of care and a very formal relationship between physician and patients. [6] Next important factor is that physicians employed by hospitals are incentivized or prized depending on number of patients that they bring but there is no measure to the quality of care they impart. The volume of patients precede quality because the financial benefits are huge e.g.- Each lab tests physicians’ order, each referrals they make, benefits hospitals in terms of huge monetary benefits which in turn becomes a basis of primary care physician’s salaries. Thus, understandably what drives physicians is to employ methods to increase volume of patients, decrease time spent with each patient and other ways to monetize each patient-physician interaction. [3] The third hindrance is hospitals hiring generalists called hospitalists to provide care to patients with the goal of reducing patient days per admission. This might lead to improve in care for a certain amount of time but the reason behind hiring such individuals is not to improve patient care but instead to benefit hospitals financially. The Patient Centric Approach model Patient Centered Medical Home Patient Centric medical home helps address the patient centric approach by emphasizing on high quality patient care and lower the healthcare cost. They reorganize primary care practice by recognizing the importance of patient’s experience and works on system based approach to transform health services being offered. PCMH centers their service on elderly with acute care needs, patients with physical disabilities and with specific preferences in terms of culture and values. The care offered is comprehensive and designed to meet patients’ needs including physical and mental attention, chronic care and long term assistance like help in performing daily ablutions for patients with functional limitations. [8] Accountable Care Organizations ACOs have been set up with the goal of ensuring high quality of care is given to patients at the right time to prevent medical errors and reduce medical costs. Mostly ACOs are formed by group of doctors and hospitals who voluntarily come together to serve Medicare patients. [9] The basic promise that ACOs hold is to have patient centered care and treat patients with empathy, care and work towards avoiding unnecessary costs and develop a personal relationship with patients. Thus, government should incentivize formation of more ACOs to ensure more patient- centric approach. Strategic IT investment IT is the obvious answer to increase efficiency, reduce medical errors and improve quality of care in US. Though there are many facets of IT that can be used, use of Electronic Health Records (EHR) and Electronic Medical records (EMR) are the most important tools to use. EMRs are digitized version of patient record keeping for a physicians. EMR has been instrumental in reducing medical costs overtime by enabling better interactions between departments and monitoring patient’s visiting time and medical information. Patients can also log on and know about their health records and be better prepared. EHRs stores patient’s records so that if needed emergency departments can access it before giving them any medicines. This saves the cost of duplicate tests because all the data needed to prescribe medicines are present in EHRs. Feedback and review model: Patient Opinion Patient opinion was founded in 2005 and is the leading feedback platform for healthcare in UK. They allow patients to write their reviews/ stories about their experience and tag the particular provider. Other users can then favorite the post if they have experience the same thing. Patient Opinion also has an analytical engine which does sentiment analysis for each hospital and show what areas need improvement and which departments received positive reviews. The hospitals can read these reviews posted about them and respond to the complaints and praises. This helps them to improve their quality of care and address the issues raised by patients. Patient Opinion is a social enterprise and a NGO which is independent of NHS but share the same values. It is funded through user subscriptions, healthcare providers and healthcare Commission. Providers subscribing to Patient Opinion get the access to all patient feeds and can respond to the reviews. Though, use of patient opinion by patients is free. Patient Opinion is available across England but not (yet) the rest of the UK. It covers all acute trusts. As of today, 600 hospitals are registered with patient opinion and working together to improve the healthcare quality in UK. [5] How Patient Opinion fits the review model: It allows patients to give feedback on their health services and to see what others are talking about. It also acts as a platform to hear and respond to reviews and complaints posted by patients. They can compare their ratings with other hospitals and find out which of their departments are doing good and bad. All the opinions are reviewed before publication and editorial policies are public. The critical reviews are marked and directed to the healthcare providers while maintaining patient identity. Below are some feedback posted by patients for â€Å"King’s Mill Hospital† over a period of 2 weeks: Taking â€Å"King’s Mill Hospital† as our example for this study, let us look at some figures which help us better understand the Patient Opinion model: *Data collected is for the month of April: Analysis: Analysis: As of now, for the entire Patient Opinion database, feedback opinion so far is around 50% positive, 30% mixed and around 20% critical. Below is data of number of posts till date: In the last month, of all the posts, 53% had a response from hospital staff and 6% of responses actually lead to change. The numbers do look small but in the larger picture, it is an incremental change which slowly is changing the face of UK healthcare. Conclusion: Patient centric healthcare is the answer to the problems of rising cost and low quality of healthcare in USA. A patient centered communication gives more satisfaction to patients and increase their faith on the physician and treatment. Emotional health is better when patients feel that they have a personal equation with their physicians and their preferences, culture and values are being considered while treatment. It is very important to increase emphasis on physician’s empathy towards patients and introduce feedback model to increase efficiency of hospitals. Patient Opinion is bringing change into the healthcare scenario of UK by making patient reviews an important tool of decision making. Hospitals are responding to these reviews, trying to make amends and improve the quality of care. Currently, healthcare of USA is financially driven and patients are not treated as a valued customer. In future, if we want the healthcare cost to go down and expect better service, it is very important to bring the focus on patients and build the system around them. References: [1] Jo Anne L. Earp, Elizabeth A. French, Melissa B. Gilkey: Patient Advocacy for Health Care Quality [2] Bechtel, Christine.If You Build it, Will They Come? Designing Truly Patient-Centered Health Care.Health Affairs [3] http://healthaffairs.org/blog/2012/01/24/patient-centered-care-what-it-means-and-how-to-get-there/ [4] Moira Stewart, Judith Belle Brown, Allan Donner, Ian R. McWhinney, Julian Oates, Wayne W. Weston, John Jordan, The Impact of Patient-Centered Care on Outcomes [5] https://www.patientopinion.org.uk/info/about [6] Improving Patient Opinion Mining through Multi-step Classification, Lei Xia, Anna Lisa Gentile, James Munro, Josà © Iria [7] http://www.ncqa.org/Programs/Recognition/PatientCenteredMedicalHomePCMH.aspx [8] Ensuring That Patient-Centered Medical Homes Effectively Serve Patients With Complex Health Needs, AHRQ [9] http://www.cms.gov/Medicare/Medicare-Fee-for-Service-Payment/ACO/ [10] http://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pmc/articles/PMC64755/

Scarlet Letter :: essays research papers

Throughout The Scarlet Letter, Hawthorne uses Nature to symbolize both the negative and positive character traits which set the mood of the novel. By doing this, Hawthorne steps out of the traditional Romantic ideals, putting The Scarlet Letter into an her genre. I will call it post- Romanticism. Traditional Romantic writings only portray the positive side of human nature. They show the positive effects of individualism, the soul and freedom as only being positive. By comparing the imagery of nat e in relationship to the characters, we see the positive and negative, which is not a traditional Romantic theme. Hawthorne uses many different negative variations of plant imagery to illustrate his ideas. First of all, living plant life, portraying the torturing of Dimmesdale by Chillingworth, remains evident throughout the novel. For example, when Chillingwo h went to the forest to gather herbs he â€Å"dug up roots and plucked off twigs from the forest trees†(1511) which symbolizes how Chillingworth was â€Å"plucking† the life out of Dimmesdale limb by limb. Also, Hawthorne describes grass as pure and without weeds o kill the grass; however, â€Å"when poor Mr. Dimmesdale was thinking of his grave, he questioned with himself whether the grass would ever grow on it, because an accursed thing must there be buried†(1495). Dimmesdale feels himself dammed. It can not be a ued that Chillingworth is doing anything positive. From the beginning, when he first sees Hester, he had only selfish and hedonistic reasons for â€Å"helping† Dimmesdale. â€Å"It Irks me, nevertheless, that the partner of her iniquity should not, at least, s nd on the scaffold by her side, But he will be known! - he will be known! - he will be known!†(1455). When Dimmesdale dies Chillingworth has no one to torment with his evil schemes. â€Å"All his strength and energy- all his vital and intellectual force- emed at once to desert him; insomuch that he positively withered up, shriveled away, and almost vanished from mortal sight, like a uprooted weed that lies wilting in the sun†(1552). During Chillingworth and Dimmesdale’s covert discussion about â€Å"the powers of nature call[ing] so earnestly for the confession of sin,[and discussing] that these black weeds have sprung up out of a buried heart, to make manifest an unspoken crime†(1 9) illustrates the idea of weeds filling the heart with sin and guilt. Moreover, â€Å"the black flower of civilized society†(1448) refers to the Puritans harsh attitude towards sinners as they view Hester’s punishment.

Learning environment Essay

â€Å"The environment we are in affects our moods, the ability to form relationships and the effectiveness in work or play, even our health. † (Bullard, 2006). In effectively educating children an educator must build a foundation that has a stimulating environment which includes the inside and outside areas, classroom design and decor size. The outdoor learning area must be one that is organised in a way that promotes exploration and investigation of the elements of nature which includes planting trees and flowers, as well as nature stations where children can observe the different insects. On the other hand is the classroom design which also endorses discovery along with cooperation among peers. The centres should be spacious that enables free movement where group gathering can take place, as well as the different materials and manipulative that are easily accessible to children in the different learning areas in facilitating their knowledge. But however not only that, but as well as decor size which pertains to using child size toys, tools and furniture in the classroom that eliminates children from asking for assistance from adults, as well as allowing them to feel empowered by not requesting of their help. In providing a stimulating environment like the one that was now described would allow children to actively participate in their learning. This is so because the surroundings therefore cater for â€Å"appropriate ways in developing the vital skills, the knowledge and a positive attitude to learning in the individual needs of each child. It is based on â€Å"guiding children to observe, question, discuss, listen, manipulate, feel, investigate and develop the ability to think creatively and independently. This is defined as Active Learning. In discussing the importance of the active learning environment above which includes the inside and outside areas, classroom design as well as decor size that promotes active learning, this paper would now focus on one such area that is assessed in the internal environment, meaning a learning centre that needs to be enhanced, as well as strategies used for improvement to reflect my curriculum goals. Description of the Learning Centre that needs to be Improved While children were in the indoor setting of the classroom I took time to sit and observe what exactly was happening at each of the different centres. While monitoring I noticed that most of them were at the diverse learning areas excluding the language centre which had only about two (2) children who took a short amount of time interacting within that area. The other centres were very attraction as they had many tangible objects that children can interact with, whereas the other had old objects that were very unattractive and discoloured. Most of the materials were posters that were stuck to the wall which were there for a very long time, in turn making it appear distasteful and unappealing. In the language centre it therefore created a barrier that enabled children to further promote their language development as there were an insufficient amount of materials that catered for it. In addition, that learning centre did not cater for the children as it did not promote active learning, because as stated earlier when a centre has materials and manipulatives that are easily accessible to children it therefore facilitates their learning as it guides them to observe, engage and grasp different concepts in a simpler way. But however, there were no materials that held the attention of the children that they can become involved with; hence it developed a barricade for the active learning process to take place. When comparing the centres I have found that this is a situation that needs to be put back into working order immediately, because â€Å"language is an important skill that allows a person to communicate. † (Brannagan, 2010). It is a significant skill that is crucial in a child’s life as they use it to adequately exchange information with others in a meaningful way, as well as understanding the uses of reading and writing and becoming successful early readers and writers as it determines a successful future for them. In contrast, if this particular skill has a delay it can create complications in communication with others. This therefore can build frustration within the child since it may lead to miscommunication about what he/she is trying to convey. This is why it is important for me as an educator to address this matter quickly, so in turn children can have the opportunity to interact within that said learning centre and not only in the others, as they would gain better knowledge by coming into contact with materials and experiences that are provided for  them by adults, hence making it easier to make sense of the world around them, as well as influencing their rate of growth. This process is referred to as The Constructivist Theory in which the philosopher Jean Piaget believed that children’s learning is an active process where there is interaction between the person and the environment. This improvement of the Language Centre would be effective as it will continually provide active learning within all the centres in the classroom without the segregation of one. My Curriculum Goals within the Language Centre As stated by the National Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum Guide in the strand Effective Communication â€Å"language and literacy play a critical role in the development of children’s thinking, learning and communication. To develop into successful, contributing adults, children must learn to be effective communicators and masters of their official language. † (Ministry of Education , 2005) With this being said my curriculum goals within the Language Centre are taken from the National Early Childhood Care and Education Curriculum Guide. The goals are as follows: ? A growing awareness that speaking is an effective way to communicate thoughts, ideas and views. ?A growing awareness that print (common signs and symbols) conveys meaning. ?An increasing understanding of some symbols, language patterns, letter sound relationships to predict, confirm or make meanings from using their hundred languages, which includes multimodal texts. ?Develop ways to experiment with conventional letters, word signs and symbols to convey meaning. ?Understanding of the relationship between letters and sounds. Develop ways to explore how symbols and written and visual texts are used to communicate meaning. ?The ability to derive and convey the meaning of common signs and symbols (exit signs, area labels etc. ) in the various environments (school, home, community. ) ? A love for listening to and retelling familiar stories, as well as a desire to â€Å"read† on their own. Learn new vocabulary and extend language to communicate and negotiate ideas and plan for activities. Strategies used for Improvement in the Language Centre Letters are all around us! Therefore using environmental prints stuck to the wall in the language centre such as signs, labels and logos can be of great assistance in accomplishing some of my stated goals in developing children’s reading skills. This was stated by Colorin Colorado as an influential method in making the connection between letters and first efforts to read. It discusses how adults can make these techniques interesting to a child’s learning in talking about letters, words and print. The article suggest that in taking advantage of cereal boxes, as they are colourful to facilitate learning in which they can request for the child to find the first letter of his/her name on the box which assist in letter recognition as well as when going on a car trip. This results in children making the explicit link between letters and sounds. Another strategy the article further suggests that can be utilized, is about the use of technology in taking digital pictures of signs such as â€Å"exit† or â€Å"do not enter† to create a book for children to promote his/her reading skills. Environmental print provides lots of opportunities for kids to interact with letters, sounds, and words. † After reading â€Å"Colorin Colorado† 2010 it is concluded that not only can you facilitate children’s learning in the classroom but using the environment prints that surround us everyday can be of grand assistance. As stated by the U. S Department of Education 2011, Phonological Awareness and Training assist in the development of preschool language and literacy. The article defines Phonological Awareness as the ability to detect or manipulate the sounds in words independent of meaning whereas phonological awareness training is the means of involving various training activities that focus on teaching children to identify, detect, delete, segment, or blend segments of spoken words (i. e. , words, syllables, etc. ). In the language centre I can provide picture cards along with letter cards as well so that children can make the distinction between sounds and their letters as they are able to match the letter sound card to their pictures. Other materials may include ABC books, magnetic letters, alphabet blocks and puzzles as well as alphabet charts. It has a positive effect because it’s easier in learning alphabet letters as well as the letter sound knowledge that enables them to add letters together to form words and in turn add words together to form sentences; in addition it also provides the knowledge of print awareness and early reading abilities; Incorporating Interactive and Dialog Reading declared by the U. S Department of Education 2011 refers to the adult reading stories to the children. When teachers repeat the reading’s of favourite books it enables children to become familiarized with the books that will allow for independent reading as well as utilizing different techniques to engage children in the text, while dialog reading is the term used when the adult and child switches roles where the child now becomes the storyteller and the teacher the listener and assistance of the child. Dunst, Simkus and Hamby 2012 says â€Å"Engaging young children in retelling stories read to them by parents or teachers is a strategy that is often used to promote story-related comprehension and expressive vocabulary. This article similar to the one mentioned above suggest that in reading and repeating stories to the child or a small group of children and therefore engaging them to retell the story in their own words results in the expansion of ideas and their imagination. This becomes effective because Interactive and Dialog Reading assist in oral language and vocabulary development as the teacher may ask open ended questions in engaging the child in verbal elaborations which allow the child to gain knowledge about the meaning of spoken and written words and the development of comprehension skills which caters for early literacy and language development. To further endorse these skills in the language centre that is significant in improving and supporting literacy development the materials that would be provided are lots of good child friendly books that are attractive and prints that deals with class activities e. g. helper charts, toy shelf labels, as well as charts that display good habits etc. Apart from all those strategies mentioned above this one takes a different course. This article written by Howard Phillips Parette talks about the acquistion of Phonological Awareness and Alphabetic Principles through the use of Microsoft PowerPoint. It declares that through Microsoft PowerPoint it can facilitate a child’s phonological awareness because teachers can modify such features such as colour, pictures, sounds, animation, slide design and slide transition. This promotes the acquisition of reading skills and fluency. Whereas, alphabetic principles also known as phonemic orthography which refers to relationships between letters and their associated sounds help young children develop letter-sound correspondence. Using the techniques through technology enables the promotion of comprehension skills, the understanding of the concepts about print as well as the facilitation of vocabulary development. This article is critical as it shows how to assist children in identifying letters and sounds through the use of technology. In being educated about how to incorporate technology in teaching children the acquisition of these skills, I would therefore try my utmost best in providing a computer in the language centre that would be most available to the children, as well as undertaking that strategy of how to teach the children phonological awareness and alphabetical principles on that such computer. How does the Active Language Centre Created reflect my Curriculum Goals? When assessing the language centre before I did my creation it was evident that there were no signs of my curriculum goals, mainly because of the lack of attention I gave to that particular centre and the insufficient amount of materials that were provided to the children in classroom. But however, now when comparing the centre from how it was before to this very moment, I can observe that my curriculum goals are off course reflecting. The reason for this is because it is more attractive in the eyes of the future members of society, as well as the materials that are presented to them mirrors my goals. The materials that were mentioned and described earlier above and that would be offered to them facilitates the particular skills that would be met in the declared goals and that are of great importance to the children, as well as the teacher learning strategies that were undertaken in further endorsing and accomplishing them. Limitations and Innovations In implementing the strategies that were discussed earlier, there was off course one (1) obstacle that was preventing me from accomplishing my entire task. But luckily, there were more innovations than limitations presented. They are as follows:- Innovations – all this were possible with the help and the support of the parents ? I was able to provide lots of books in the language corner that were incredibly attractive to the children. ?The magnetic letters, some puzzles along with many beautiful charts. ?Labels ?Alphabet blocks Picture cards ?Letter sound cards ?Environmental Print e. g. (signs, logos etc. ) ?Together with the children we were able to create the book that includes the different environmental signs. Limitations ?The strategy that was very different from the others which was the incorporation of the computer into the classroom was unable to accomplish due to the expense that it would have implanted. It was hard to achieve, but however after sometime we would be able to achieve it to facilitate the children’s learning. Conclusion In discussing the strategies above that I have undertaken in enhancing the Language Centre in my classroom in reflecting my goals, it has enabled me to realize how unique this learning area is to the children in the environment and to there future. When adults create rich language and literacy environments with the appropriate materials, manipulatives and teacher learning strategies to further endorse the important skills, it boosts the child’s vocabulary along with the use of language, which in turn increases their likelihood of future success.